厚松散层及超薄覆岩条件下放顶煤开采防砂煤柱   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

桂和荣  孙家斌  李明好  尹正柱  李伟  陈富勇  宋晓梅 《煤田地质与勘探》2002,30(2):36-39

为解放厚松散层及超薄覆岩条件下防砂煤柱储量,在掌握三隔、四含水文工程地质条件基础上,通过井下疏放四含水、合理确定允许放采比以及控制工作面两端覆岩剪切破坏,有效实践了“破坏四含、保护三含”的思路。项目自实施以来,已成功回采了40多万t煤炭,直接经济效益4000多万元。   相似文献   

软岩厚度对层状顶板破坏特征影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄旭  马念杰  贾安立  成彦惠  孙即超 《岩土力学》2007,28(2):343-346

顶板冒落是煤矿生产的五大灾害之一。顶板冒落主要与顶板岩层性质、赋存状态等因素有关,其中软弱岩层赋存的厚度变化是顶板冒落的主要原因之一。利用东北大学岩石破裂过程分析系统（RFPA2D）,针对煤矿沉积岩层顶板破坏进行力学分析,并对赋存不同厚度软岩的层状顶板的破坏情况进行了数值计算。探讨了不同厚度的软弱岩层对巷道稳定性的影响,得出了不同厚度软弱岩层在巷道开挖后的破坏过程和最后冒落的形状,提出了对不同厚度软弱岩层的层状顶板巷道有针对性的支护措施。该结果对现场施工和试验具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

淮南矿区地应力条件及其对煤层顶底板稳定性的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

孟召平  程浪洪  雷志勇 《煤田地质与勘探》2007,35(1):21-25

通过现场地应力测量和理论分析以及数值模拟计算,研究了淮南矿区地应力分布规律,探讨了圆形硐室围岩应力分布和不同侧压下回采工作面顶板稳定性分布。研究结果表明:淮南矿区原岩应力主要表现为自重应力场,除局部构造应力集中外,不存在高构造应力;区内侧压力系数λ值一般为0.49~1.49,平均为0.92,并且与测点距地表深度有一定的趋向性,表现为在浅部λ值较大,变化范围也大,而在深部λ值渐小,变化范围也缩小;回采工作面顶底板稳定性与侧压系数λ的大小密切相关,且随侧压系数λ的增大,顶板垂直位移减小,顶板岩层易于形成结构平衡而保持稳定,但底板垂直位移量增大,且易于形成底鼓破坏。这些认识为研究区煤层顶底板岩层支护控制提供了科学依据。   相似文献   

南海油田烃类氧化菌生态分布初步研究     

韦桂秋  蔡伟叙  易斌 《海洋科学》2005,29(11):92-96

报道了冬季南海珠江口盆地4大油田(陆丰13-1油田、流花11-1油田、CACT惠州油田和西江30-2/24-3油田)烃类氧化菌的分布和变化状况。在所有站位都检出烃类氧化菌,数量介于3.00×104～2.05×105个/L。各油田平台附近的测值高;表层的测值高于10m层。烃类氧化菌的数量与水域中的营养盐含量及其它水质因子有一定的关系。  相似文献   

时空阵列混场源电磁法理论及模拟研究          下载免费PDF全文

周聪  汤井田  庞成  胡双贵 《地球物理学报》2019,62(10):3827-3842

针对电磁勘探中的混场源输入条件,提出了一种时空阵列混场源电磁勘探方法.假设输入端同时包含天然电磁场源和可控人工场源,输出端进行多站同步观测;基于多输入-多输出系统的分析方法,推导了混场源条件下的时空阵列方程组.提出了系统响应的求解策略,一次性获得所有同步测道对各个场源独立激励时的响应,并分别求取了大地电磁法及可控源电磁法的各种解释参数.在此理论基础上,设计了针对性的施工方案;可控人工场源的选择形式多样,其类型、数量、激励方式及布设位置等不受限制,所有场源的激励可同时进行,无需分步;测区内各测站的布设方式灵活,可根据需要布设单分量测道或多分量测道;同时在测区外布设张量远参考站.利用数值模拟方法,论证了方法的有效性,并与常规方法进行了对比.结果表明,本方法不仅可提高人工场响应的处理精度,还具有一次野外数据采集,可同时获得天然场及人工场电磁响应结果的突出特点,进而提高采集效率,压制噪声影响;本方法集合了天然场源电磁法和人工场源电磁法的优点,为实现不同类型频率域电磁测深方法数据的统一处理提供了思路.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional inversion of full magnetic gradient tensor data based on hybrid regularization method     

Shuangxi Ji  Huai Zhang  Yanfei Wang  Liangliang Rong  Yaolin Shi  Yongshun Chen 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(1):226-261

Rapid developments in SQUID-based technology make it possible for geophysical exploration to direct measure, inverse and interpret magnetic gradient tensor data. This contribution introduces a novel three-dimensional hybrid regularization method for inversion of magnetic gradient tensor data, which is based on the minimum support functional and total variation functional. Compared to the existing stabilizers, for example, the minimum support stabilizer, the minimum gradient support stabilizer or the total variation stabilizer, our proposed hybrid stabilizer, in association with boundary penalization, improves the revision result greatly, including higher spatial and depth resolution, more clear boundaries, more highlighted images and more evident structure depiction. Moreover, suitable selection of model parameter λ will further improve the image quality of the recovered model. We verify our proposed hybrid method with various synthetic magnetic models. Experiment results prove that this method gives more accurate results, exhibiting advantages of less computational costs even when less prior information of magnetic sources are provided. Comparison of results with different types of magnetic data with and without remanence indicates that our inversion algorithm can obtain more detailed information on the source structure based on rational estimation of total magnetization direction. Finally, we present a case study for inverting SQUID-based magnetic tensor data acquired at Da Hinggan Mountains area, inner Mongolia, China. The result also certifies that the method is reliable and efficient for real cases.  相似文献   

Target-oriented imaging using extended image volumes: a low-rank factorization approach     

Rajiv Kumar  Marie Graff  Ivan Vasconcelos  Felix J. Herrmann 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(5):1312-1328

Imaging in geological challenging environments has led to new developments, including the idea of generating reflection responses by means of interferometric redatuming at a given target datum in the subsurface, when the target datum lies beneath a complex overburden. One way to perform this redatuming is via conventional model-based wave-equation techniques. But those techniques can be computationally expensive for large-scale seismic problems since the number of wave-equation solves is equal to two times the number of sources involved during seismic data acquisition. Also conventional shot-profile techniques require lots of memory to save full subsurface extended image volumes. Therefore, we can only form subsurface image volumes in either horizontal or vertical directions. To exploit the information hidden in full subsurface extended image volumes, we now present a randomized singular value decomposition-based approach built upon the matrix probing scheme, which takes advantage of the algebraic structure of the extended imaging system. This low-rank representation enables us to overcome both the computational cost associated with the number of wave-equation solutions and memory usage due to explicit storage of full subsurface extended image volumes employed by conventional migration methods. Experimental results on complex geological models demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology and allow practical reflection-based extended imaging for large-scale five-dimensional seismic data.  相似文献   

Seismic vulnerability of roof systems combining URM gable walls and timber diaphragms     

Umberto Tomassetti  António A. Correia  Francesco Graziotti  Andrea Penna 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(11):1297-1318

Typical low-rise masonry buildings consist of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls covered with various timber roof configurations generally supported or finished by masonry gables. Post-earthquake observations and experimental outcomes highlighted the large vulnerability of the URM gables to the development of overturning mechanisms, both because of the inertial out-of-plane excitation and the in-plane timber diaphragm deformability. This paper presents the static and dynamic experimental seismic performance of three full-scale roofs tested via quasi-static cyclic and shake table tests. Two of them were tested as part of a whole full scale one-storey and two-storey building. A single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) numerical model is calibrated against experimental data and proposed for the analysis of this roof typology's dynamic behaviour. Several sets of analyses were conducted to assess the vulnerability of these structural components and to study the effect of the whole building's characteristics (eg, number of storeys and structural stiffness and strength) on the seismic performance of this roof typology.  相似文献   

基于单台加速度记录的混合全局优化HVSR反演场地浅层速度结构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

荣棉水  符力耘  李小军 《地球物理学报》2018,61(3):938-947

利用水平与竖向谱比（HVSR）方法反演场地速度结构是国际上迅速发展的研究领域.HVSR反演计算实质是一个土层场地模型空间搜索的全局优化问题,当模型搜索空间的复杂程度增大时,目前常用的搜索算法收敛速度慢,计算效率较低.本文实现了一种结合遗传和模拟退火方法优点的混合全局优化HVSR反演算法,通过理论模型和竖向台阵实测数据的检验,表明该算法能获得很好的反演效果,较好地解决了蒙特卡罗方法收敛速度慢,遗传算法收敛早熟和模拟退火算法搜索效率低的问题.本文在此基础上讨论了单台加速度S波记录用于场地速度结构HVSR反演的适用性,为基于单个地震台的地震观测记录反演浅层速度结构提供了一种高效且较为准确的反演方法.  相似文献   

Beta dose heterogeneity in sediment samples measured using a Timepix pixelated detector and its implications for optical dating of individual mineral grains     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

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